Constructivism+in+the+Classroom

__**Constructivism:**__
Through my research, I have found that this educational philosophy is based on the following ideas:

-learning is done through doing

-learners should be encouraged to seek out and construct knowledge for themselves.

-new knowledge either assimilates or needs to be accommodated into the existing framework of knowledge

-learning can come from inquiry that is similar to what happens in the real world and should encourage persistent problem solving and inquiry based learning

-teachers should set up problems and monitor their students’ process of exploration.

-teachers are responsible for setting limits and guide the students’ examination process

The following is an excerpt from this webpage about constructivism in the classroom: []


 * In a Constructivist Classroom...**
 * Student autonomy and initiative are accepted and encouraged. **By respecting students' ideas and encouraging independent thinking, teachers help students attain their own intellectual identity. Students who frame questions and issues and then go about analyzing and answering them take responsibility for their own learning and become problem solvers.


 * The teacher asks open-ended questions and allows wait time for responses. ** Reflective thought takes time and is often built on others' ideas and comments. The ways teachers ask questions and the ways students respond will structure the success of student inquiry.


 * Higher-level thinking is encouraged. **The constructivist teacher challenges students to reach beyond the simple factual response. He encourages students to connect and summarize concepts by analyzing, predicting, justifying, and defending their ideas.


 * Students are engaged in dialogue with the teacher and with each other. **Social discourse helps students change or reinforce their ideas. If they have the chance to present what they think and hear others' ideas, students can build a personal knowledge base that they understand. Only when they feel comfortable enough to express their ideas will meaningful classroom dialogue occur.


 * Students are engaged in experiences that challenge hypotheses and encourage discussion. **When allowed to make predictions, students often generate varying hypotheses about natural phenomena. The constructivist teacher provides ample opportunities for students to test their hypotheses, especially through group discussion of concrete experiences.


 * The class uses raw data, primary sources, manipulatives, physical, and interactive materials. **The constructivist approach involves students in real-world possibilities, then helps them generate the abstractions that bind phenomena together.